How to Create an Account and Get Test Ether with Geth on the Rinkeby Test Network

Install Geth (for Mac OS X)

Run the following commands:
brew tap ethereum/ethereum
brew install ethereum

Run the Rinkeby network with Geth

Run this command to start geth on the rinkeby network: geth --rinkeby --syncmode fast console

You should see something like the following:

Followed by:

Create a new Account

Run the following to create a new account: personal.newAccount() within the Geth CLI.
Enter a password and confirm it.

Post your Account Address on Social Media

Include your address on Twitter post.

Copy and paste the url to your Twitter post into the faucet page. Faucet Page

Pick an amount of test Ether you want and wait 2-3 minutes for the account to be funded.

Exit out of Rinkeby Fast Console && Start a Light Console

Exit out of the Rinkeby Fast console that is open.

Run the following in the CLI:
geth --rinkeby --syncmode light console

Check Your Ether Account Balance

Run eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[0]) within the Geth CLI.

You should see the following (corresponding with how much Ether you picked):

Potential Error

Error: no suitable peers available at 
  web3.js:3143:20
  at web3.js:6347:15
  at web3.js:5081:36
  at anonymous:1:1

Try adding a peer to your node with this command:

admin.addPeer("enode://05b03241bae2a17534a4ffa005d075e38868f89c6db95b0e089c67ff6d3e9ed3f7132d4e9d57f09628f4827cfb370fe5f624c36af44899e423aacf4869a3adf3@13.124.4.106:30303");

Reference Gist.

SUCCESS!

Congratulations! You have added test ether via the Rinkeby Faucet with an account you made with Geth!